Bariatric surgery and a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 medicine both cause major weight loss in teens, but their effects on mouth and gut bacteria and on damaged blood fats tied to metabolism are still unknown. This study will collect saliva, stool, and routine blood samples from adolescents before treatment and six…
Down syndrome (DS) occurs in roughly 1 out of 700 births in the U.S. Half of all children with Down syndrome have congenital heart disease (CHD), often requiring corrective heart surgery. Even though CHD in children without DS is known to be associated with developmental problems, few studies have explored how CHD can affect…